Twenty-two migrants were rescued alive but a woman died and a child has gone missing after a wave capsized the boat near the coast of Cadiz city, said Guardia Civil in a statement.
Search and rescue operations are being carried out from land, sea and air to find the missing child.
In 2018, more than 58,500 irregular migrants arrived in Spain, a figure authorities predict could rise this year.
Some 395 irregular migrants reached to the southern shores of the country between May 3 and 5.
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